What is generalised anxiety disorder? Treatment options in Australia
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Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic mental health condition marked by excessive, uncontrollable worry about routine aspects of life. Unlike normal anxiety, which is usually short-term and event-driven, GAD is persistent and can seriously impact one’s ability to function in everyday life. Studies show that about 3.8% of Australians aged 16 to 85 experience GAD, ranking it among the most common anxiety disorders nationally. Understanding its symptoms, causes, and treatment options is vital for improving mental health outcomes and reducing stigma.
What is Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?
Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a mental health condition involving constant, excessive worry about everyday matters such as health, finances, or relationships, even when there is no reason to worry. Unlike occasional stress, GAD involves persistent tension or uneasiness that lasts for six months or more, and is difficult to manage without support. It is usually accompanied by symptoms such as restlessness, fatigue, sleep problems, muscle tension, and headaches. It can affect anyone at any age, but the condition is treatable. With effective treatment such as cognitive-behavioural therapy, medication, and lifestyle adjustments, people can manage their anxiety and thrive.Importance of recognising and managing anxiety disorders
Recognising and addressing anxiety disorders is vital for maintaining overall mental and physical health. When ignored, anxiety may significantly impair daily life, straining relationships, academic or professional success, and health. Early recognition allows individuals to access the right care, reducing the likelihood of escalation into more complex issues such as substance misuse, mood disorders, or chronic health problems. Treatment options, including therapy, medication, and self-management techniques, can significantly improve quality of life, helping individuals rebuild confidence and navigate routine life with greater ease. Promoting awareness plays a crucial role in reducing stigma and encouraging people to seek support without fear of judgment.Signs and symptoms of GAD
Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is characterised by a range of psychological and physical symptoms that continue for six months or longer and impair normal functioning. The key feature is intense worry, but other symptoms may differ from person to person.Emotional symptoms:
- Persistent or excessive worry about everyday things like work, health, or relationships
- Difficulty managing anxious thoughts
- Restlessness or feeling on edge
- Difficulty concentrating or brain fog
Physical symptoms:
- Fatigue or low energy
- Muscle tension or aches
- Sleep disturbances
- Headaches
- Nausea
- Abdominal discomfort
Behavioural signs:
- Withdrawing from sources of stress or worry
- Frequently seeking validation or approval from others
- Trouble making decisions
- Reduced productivity at school or work
- Social withdrawal
Also read: Mental health treatment plan for anxiety
Common causes and risk factors
The precise origin of Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) remains unclear, yet various factors might elevate an individual's risk:- Genetics: GAD tends to run in families. If a close family member suffers from anxiety or another mental health disorder, your likelihood may increase.
- Brain chemistry: Disruptions in neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine can affect how your brain responds to stress and regulates mood.
- Personality: Individuals who have a naturally cautious, self-critical, or perfectionistic disposition may be more susceptible to developing chronic anxiety.
- Life experiences: Traumatic events, prolonged stress, abuse, or significant life transitions (such as illness, job loss, or divorce) can heighten the likelihood of developing GAD.
- Medical conditions: Chronic health issues like thyroid disorders, heart disease, or substance use disorders can occasionally trigger or exacerbate anxiety.
How was GAD diagnosed?
Diagnosing Generalised Anxiety Disorder requires a mental health assessment by a GP, psychologist, or psychiatrist. There is no definitive test for GAD, but the diagnostic process generally includes:- Discussing your symptoms: Your healthcare provider will inquire about how often you experience worry, what prompts your anxiety, and how it impacts your daily life.
- Screening tools or questionnaires: These may be utilised to evaluate the severity of your symptoms and exclude other potential conditions.
- Reviewing your medical history: This helps identify any physical causes (such as thyroid disorders or medication side effects) that could be contributing to anxiety.
- Duration and impact: A diagnosis is often made if you've experienced excessive worry on most days for at least six months, and it disrupts your daily functioning.
Also read: How to treat chronic stress and anxiety?
Treatment options for GAD
Managing Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) typically includes a blend of therapy, medication, and lifestyle modifications. Treatment can be very effective, particularly when customised to suit your specific requirements.
Psychological therapies
- Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT): CBT is recognised as one of the most successful therapies for GAD. It assists you in recognising and challenging negative thought patterns, handling worry and developing healthier coping mechanisms.
- Mindfulness and relaxation techniques: Activities such as deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and guided meditation can aid in calming the nervous system and diminishing daily anxiety levels.
- Online therapy options: Many individuals find online therapy more convenient and accessible. Digital mental health platforms enable you to connect with licensed therapists from the comfort of your home, making it simpler to maintain a consistent treatment regimen.
Medications
- SSRIs and SNRIs: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are frequently prescribed for long-term anxiety management. They help stabilise brain chemicals and alleviate persistent worry.
- Short-term use of benzodiazepines (exercise caution): In certain situations, benzodiazepines may be prescribed for brief periods to address severe anxiety. Nonetheless, they can be addictive and are typically not advised for long-term use.
- How online prescriptions work through Hola Health: Via a private online consultation, Hola Health doctors can evaluate your symptoms and, if suitable, issue an online prescription for anxiety. This includes follow-up appointments and modifications to ensure safe, effective treatment.
Lifestyle & self-help strategies
- Regular exercise and sleep hygiene: Engaging in daily physical activity and maintaining steady sleep patterns can substantially diminish anxiety symptoms and enhance mood.
- Reducing caffeine and alcohol: Both of these substances can instigate or intensify anxiety. Reducing their intake may contribute to better emotional stability and fewer physical manifestations.
- Meditation and journaling: Incorporating mindfulness exercises and documenting your thoughts can help lessen rumination and bring clarity to persistent worries.
Managing GAD long-term
Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) can be a long-term issue for many individuals, but with adequate tools and support, it can be effectively managed over time. Achieving long-term success typically involves a mix of professional help, lifestyle adjustments, and personal coping strategies.
- Adhere to your treatment regimen: Whether you are utilising medication, therapy, or a combination of both, consistency is crucial. Do not discontinue treatment without consulting your healthcare provider, even if you are feeling improved.
- Track your mental well-being: Monitor your triggers, mood shifts, and thought patterns. Keeping a journal or using a mental health application can assist you in identifying early warning signs and taking action before anxiety intensifies.
- Emphasise sleep, physical activity, and routine: Quality sleep, consistent exercise, and a stable daily schedule all promote emotional stability and alleviate stress.
- Employ stress-management techniques: Mindfulness, meditation, breathing techniques, and grounding exercises can be effective tools for handling anxiety in the moment.
- Reduce stimulants: Caffeine, alcohol, and certain non-prescription medications can heighten anxiety symptoms. Be mindful of what you ingest and how it influences your mood.
- Establish a solid support network: Maintain connections with friends, family, or support communities. Social backing makes it easier to manage and feel less isolated.
- Schedule regular appointments with your doctor or therapist: Managing GAD is not a one-time solution. Ongoing discussions with your healthcare provider will ensure your treatment remains aligned with your needs, especially during transitions or setbacks.
How Hola Health can help
If you are coping with anxiety or suspect you might have Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Hola Health provides a straightforward and accessible way to receive assistance from the comfort of your home. Our services are designed to support you at all stages of your mental health journey.
- Online consultations with a GP: Talk to a licensed medical professional online to discuss your symptoms, concerns, and treatment possibilities, without the need to visit a clinic physically.
- Personalised mental health care plans: Collaborate with a doctor to develop a tailored care plan based on your emotional requirements and lifestyle. This may include therapy, medications, or lifestyle modifications.
- Online anxiety medication prescriptions: If suitable, your doctor may prescribe medications, such as SSRIs, to assist in managing anxiety. All prescriptions are securely managed through your online consultation.
- Specialist referrals: Connect with psychologists or psychiatrists experienced in anxiety and related disorders without facing long waiting periods.
- Stress leave and medical documentation: If your anxiety impacts your ability to work or study, Hola Health can issue a legitimate stress leave certificate or general medical certificate following an assessment.
- Continuous support and follow-up appointments: Easily schedule follow-up visits to monitor your progress, modify treatment as necessary, and receive ongoing support.
Conclusion
Generalised Anxiety Disorder is a widespread yet manageable condition. With appropriate care, such as therapy, medication, and community support, many individuals can experience symptom relief and enhance their overall well-being. Early recognition and continued awareness are essential for helping individuals toward recovery and lasting strength.
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Disclaimer
This blog is for general informational purposes only and does not indicate that Hola Health provides all treatments or preventive measures mentioned. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the guidance of your doctor or other qualified health professional with any questions you may have regarding your health or a medical condition. For emergencies please immediately contact 000. Any medical topics discussed are intended to educate, not to imply availability through Hola Health.