Kidney Function Test Referral

• Swelling in the face, legs, or ankles
• Fatigue or weakness
• Urination problems (frequency, colour, or quantity)
• Blood in urine
• Persistent nausea or vomiting
• High blood pressure
• Shortness of breath

Note: If you are experiencing severe shortness of breath, chest pain, or a sudden inability to urinate, call 000 or visit your nearest Emergency Department immediately.

• Acute renal damage (abrupt reduction in kidney function)
• Chronic kidney disease (CKD) – steady decline of kidney function over time
• Kidney infections (inflammation caused by a bacterial infection)
• Kidney stones (affect urine flow and kidney health)
• Diabetic nephropathy (kidney disease)
• Hypertensive kidney injury (caused by long-term high blood pressure)

Blood and urine tests are used to measure kidney function:

• The serum creatinine test measures levels of the waste product creatinine in the blood
• The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) assesses renal filtering function
• Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) measures urea levels in the blood
• Urine tests (urinalysis) screen for protein, blood, or other abnormalities
• The albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) identifies early kidney injury

These tests collectively offer a complete picture of kidney health.

The results show how well the kidneys filter waste and maintain fluid and electrolyte balance. Abnormal findings may indicate reduced kidney function, early kidney injury, or the need for additional medical assessment.

• Hydration levels may impact the results
• Temporary alterations may occur due to illness or medication
• Early kidney disease may not always produce noticeable symptoms
• Multiple tests over time may be required for a reliable diagnosis

• Follow fasting guidelines if required
• Stay hydrated unless advised otherwise
• Inform your doctor about any medications or supplements
• Avoid excessive exertion before testing

Please follow any specific instructions provided by your healthcare professional.