Liver function tests (LFTs)

• Jaundice (the yellowing of the skin or eyes)
• Fatigue or weakness
• Abdominal discomfort or edema
• Dark urine or pale stool
• Nausea or vomiting
• Loss of appetite
• Unexplained weight loss
• Itchy skin

Note: If you are experiencing severe abdominal pain, sudden yellowing of the eyes/skin (jaundice), or mental confusion, call 000 or visit the nearest Emergency Department immediately.

• Hepatitis – inflammation of the liver caused by viral infections or other factors
• Fatty liver disease – buildup of fat in liver cells, affecting function
• Cirrhosis – long-term liver damage leading to scarring
• Liver infections – bacterial or viral infections affecting liver health
• Bile duct disorders – conditions affecting bile flow from the liver

LFTs are a collection of blood tests that assess several aspects of liver health.

• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) suggests liver cell damage.
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) assesses the enzyme levels in the liver and muscles.
• Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) shows bile duct function.
• Bilirubin quantifies waste products metabolised by the liver.
• Albumin measures protein synthesis by the liver.
• Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) helps detect bile duct abnormalities.

These tests collectively give a thorough evaluation of liver function.

LFT findings indicate how effectively the liver functions by assessing enzyme levels and protein synthesis. Abnormal levels may suggest liver inflammation, injury, or illness, necessitating additional testing or monitoring.

• Abnormal findings may not necessarily indicate a specific diagnosis.
• Mild changes may not indicate severe illness.
• Medications, alcohol, and recent sickness can all have an impact on the results.
• Additional testing or imaging may be needed for confirmation.

Note: A telehealth consultation is an assessment of your need for testing. However, some symptoms—such as abdominal swelling or jaundice—may require a physical examination by an in-person GP for a complete clinical diagnosis.”

• Follow fasting instructions if suggested.
• Avoid drinking alcohol before the test.
• Inform your doctor about any medications or supplements.
• Stay hydrated, unless directed otherwise.

Please follow any particular directions from your healthcare professional.