Gastro (Gastroenteritis)

Gastroenteritis, generally known as gastro, is a contagious illness that affects the stomach and intestines. It is usually caused by viral, bacterial, or parasitic infections, and sometimes by food intolerance or medications. Speak to an online doctor within minutes, 24/7, for medical advice across Australia.

When to consult a doctor for gastro

If symptoms are severe or persistent

Consult a doctor if vomiting or diarrhoea lasts more than a few days, worsens suddenly, or does not improve with rest and fluids.

If signs of dehydration develop

Seek medical advice if you experience dry mouth, excessive thirst, dark or reduced urine, dizziness, weakness, or confusion, as dehydration can become serious quickly.

If there is blood in vomit or stool

Blood that appears bright red or dark may indicate internal bleeding or a severe infection and requires urgent medical review.

This guide does not replace professional care. Consult a doctor to manage your symptoms. In emergencies, call 000. The content is research-backed & medically reviewed by Dr. Ammar AL-ANI, MBChB, CCBST, AMC

Causes

Causes of gastroenteritis (gastro) may be infectious or non-infectious and include the following:

Viral infections: The most common cause includes norovirus and rotavirus, which spread easily.
Bacterial infections, Such as E. coli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter, are often linked to contaminated food.
Parasitic infections: Including Giardia and Cryptosporidium, commonly from unsafe water.
Food intolerance: Reactions to foods like lactose or gluten.
Medications: Antibiotics and other drugs that disrupt gut bacteria.

How to prevent gastro

Simple daily habits can help prevent gastro and reduce the risk of infection, such as:

Wash your hands thoroughly and frequently

Practice safe food handling and storage

Drink clean, safe water

Avoid close contact with others when unwell
Stay home until symptoms resolve to prevent the spread

Managing gastro at home

Hydration: Use oral rehydration solutions, coconut water, or diluted fruit juices
Diet: Eat light foods and avoid gas-producing, fatty, spicy, caffeinated, or alcoholic items

Rest: Allow your body time to recover

Stress management: Stress can worsen gut symptoms

Medication: Use over-the-counter relief only after medical advice
Always consult a healthcare professional before taking these prevention steps and if symptoms worsen or persist.

Hola Health provides a convenient way to consult an AHPRA-registered doctor online, 24/7 across Australia.

Clinical note: A telehealth assessment can provide medical advice for gastroenteritis symptoms, evaluate if in-person assessment is needed, and issue prescriptions, pathology referrals, or medical certificates if clinically indicated. Telehealth is a complementary service; assessment of dehydration severity, signs of serious infection, or abdominal complications requires in-person clinical examination. Stool pathology testing may be recommended if a specific infectious cause is suspected. If you are unable to keep fluids down, have blood in your stool or vomit, or show signs of severe dehydration or shock, call 000 or attend an Emergency Department immediately. We recommend sharing your consult summaries with your regular GP to ensure continuity of care.