Sleep disorders

Sleep disorder is a common health condition affecting a person’s quality of life and health. Manage sleep disorders effectively with AHPRA-registered practitioners online, available 24/7 across Australia.

When to consult a doctor for sleep disorders?

If sleep problems are persistent or frequent

Consult with a doctor if you have trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking too early at least three nights a week for several weeks, as ongoing sleep issues may indicate an underlying sleep disorder.

If sleep disorders affect daytime functioning or safety

Seek medical advice if you feel excessively drowsy during the day, have difficulty concentrating, or if poor sleep affects work, school, driving, or daily activities.

If you experience abnormal behaviors or breathing during sleep

See a doctor if you snore loudly, gasp for air, stop breathing briefly during sleep, have frequent nightmares or night terrors, sleepwalk, act out dreams, or if sleep problems are impacting your mood, memory, or mental health.

This guide does not replace professional care. Consult a doctor to manage your symptoms. In emergencies, call 000. The content is research-backed & medically reviewed by Dr. Ammar AL-ANI, MBChB, CCBST, AMC

Types

Sleep disorders are conditions that disrupt the normal sleep pattern in terms of quality, duration, and more. There could be various types of sleep disorders which affect the daily life of the person suffering from it, such as:

Insomnia: Difficulty falling or staying asleep

Snoring: Noisy breathing during sleep

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: Repeated breathing interruptions during sleep due to blocked airways.

Sleep hypoventilation: Shallow breathing during sleep, resulting in low oxygen levels.

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS): Unpleasant leg sensations with a strong urge to move them, disrupting sleep.

Bruxism: Grinding or clenching teeth during sleep, which can lead to dental damage.

Narcolepsy: Sudden, uncontrollable sleep attacks during the day

Sleep talking and sleepwalking: Unconscious speech or movement during sleep

Nightmares and night terrors: Disturbing dreams or intense episodes of fear with screaming

Causes

There are many causes that disrupt your sleep. Each sleep disorder has its unique causes and symptoms. Some of the common causes of sleep disorders include:

Mental health concerns like stress, anxiety, depression, substance abuse and others

Nasal issues like blockages in airways, enlarged tonsils, and chronic lung diseases

Lifestyle issues like obesity, irregular sleep cycle and excessive caffeine intake

Other health conditions like pregnancy, chronic conditions, etc.

Symptoms

Some of the common symptoms of sleep disorders include:

Difficulty falling asleep

Loud snoring

Difficulty breathing during sleep

Headaches

Day time sleepiness

Fatigue

How to fall asleep when stressed?

Stress increases cortisol, making it harder to fall and stay asleep. And poor sleep can worsen stress, anxiety, and emotional wellbeing. Here are a few tips to fall asleep when stressed –

Practice relaxation techniques (deep breathing, meditation)

Avoid screens before bedtime

Follow a calm and consistent bedtime routine

Effects of sleep disorders on your body

Strain on the cardiovascular system: Conditions like sleep apnoea cause repeated pauses in breathing, leading to fluctuating oxygen levels and increased stress on the heart.

High blood pressure risk: Ongoing oxygen disruption can contribute to persistent high blood pressure over time.

Increased risk of heart disease and stroke: Long-term sleep disorders are linked to a higher likelihood of serious cardiovascular events.

Impaired brain function: Poor sleep disrupts natural sleep cycles, affecting concentration, memory, and decision-making.

Mood changes: Sleep disorders can worsen mood regulation, increasing irritability, anxiety, and risk of depression.

Weakened immune system: Lack of quality sleep reduces the body’s ability to fight infections and illnesses.

Weight gain and metabolic issues: Hormonal imbalances caused by poor sleep can increase appetite and slow metabolism, contributing to weight gain.

It is important to speak to a GP first to understand and manage your symptoms. Hola Health provides a convenient way to consult an AHPRA-registered doctor online, 24/7 across Australia.

Start your consult now

Clinical note: An online GP consult provides medical advice and clinical assessment of sleep concerns. Telehealth is a complementary service; an in-person physical examination may be needed to rule out anatomical obstructions or underlying physical conditions. Diagnosis and prescribing via telehealth rely on a real-time video or phone consultation. Consultations are secure, encrypted, and Australian-stored in compliance with the Australian Privacy Principles. Online GPs can provide referrals for sleep studies, prescriptions, or medical certificates if clinically indicated. In case of sudden uncontrollable sleep attacks while driving, severe respiratory distress, or intense chest pain during the night, call 000 or visit an Emergency Department immediately. We recommend sharing your consult summaries with your regular GP to ensure continuity of care.

Frequently Asked Questions

How are sleep disorders diagnosed?

Sleep disorders are diagnosed by evaluating your sleep patterns, symptoms, and general health. A healthcare expert can enquire about your sleep habits, lifestyle, medical history, and any sleep-related concerns. In rare situations, further tests, such as a sleep study, may be required to monitor breathing, movement, and brain activity during sleep. 

How can I improve my sleep naturally? 

You can improve your sleep quality by developing good sleep habits and sticking to a consistent sleep schedule. Some techniques that may help are:

Going to bed and getting up at the same time every day 
Developing a calm nighttime ritual 
Keeping your bedroom dark, quiet, and comfortable 
Reducing your coffee, alcohol, and screen time before going to bed 
Staying physically active during the day

Can sleep disorders affect my physical and mental health? 

Yes, chronic sleep issues may have an impact on both physical and mental health. Poor sleep can lead to fatigue, difficulties focusing, mood swings, and a reduced ability to manage stress. Long-term sleep difficulties can also increase the chance of developing certain health diseases. If you have trouble sleeping regularly, a healthcare expert can help you identify potential causes and explore management choices.

Can children develop sleeping disorders?

Yes, children can develop sleep disorders; their symptoms differ from those of adults. Common difficulties include trouble falling asleep, frequent awakening, nightmares, sleepwalking, and breathing problems during sleep. If your kid is having trouble sleeping or is exhausted throughout the day, consult a doctor.

Can lifestyle changes improve sleep quality? 

Yes, lifestyle adjustments can improve sleep quality. Small modifications in everyday behaviours may promote a healthy sleep pattern.

Helpful steps include:

Maintaining a regular sleep routine
Reducing stress through relaxation techniques.
Exercising regularly.
Avoiding large meals close to bedtime.
Creating a comfortable sleep environment.

If lifestyle adjustments do not improve your sleep, a healthcare expert can help explore other probable causes.

What foods or drinks can affect sleep? 

Some meals and beverages could negatively impact sleep quality, particularly when consumed close to bedtime. Caffeine-containing beverages, including coffee, tea, and energy drinks, may make it difficult to fall asleep. Even if alcohol makes you tired at first, it might disturb your sleep cycle. Eating a balanced diet and avoiding large meals before bedtime can promote better sleep. 