What causes high blood pressure in young adults & teens?

Overview

High blood pressure is not exclusive to older individuals. In Australia, an increasing number of young adults and teenagers are being diagnosed with hypertension, often without their knowledge. The rise of early-onset high blood pressure is alarming as it heightens future risks of heart disease and stroke. The positive aspect? With early detection and healthy lifestyle choices, high blood pressure can often be prevented naturally.

Blood pressure in young people

Blood pressure indicates how vigorously blood exerts pressure against the walls of your arteries. It is represented by two figures, systolic (pressure during heartbeats) and diastolic (pressure when the heart is at rest). A standard reading is approximately 120/80 mmHg, while anything above 130/85 mmHg may suggest a higher risk. Since high blood pressure in younger adults often presents no symptoms, it is considered a "silent" condition that can damage the heart over time.

Common causes

Unhealthy diet and excessive salt consumption

Processed snacks, sugary drinks, and takeout meals contain high amounts of sodium, a leading contributor to hypertension in teenagers. Elevated salt levels prompt the body to retain water, subsequently increasing blood pressure. Opting for fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in place of junk food can enhance heart health in teenagers.

Insufficient physical activity

Spending hours gaming or scrolling through social media can lead to a lack of physical activity. When the body remains inactive, blood circulation and heart efficiency decrease. Engaging in light activities, such as walking or cycling, can naturally help lower high blood pressure and benefit overall heart health in young individuals.

Stress and mental well-being

Pressure from academics, social media, and work can elevate stress hormones like cortisol, momentarily increasing blood pressure. Addressing stress through mindfulness, breathing exercises, or counselling can protect both mental well-being and heart health.

Smoking and vaping

Nicotine from cigarettes or vaping devices constricts blood vessels and increases the heart rate. With vaping gaining traction among Australian teenagers, this trend can lead to long-term complications if initiated at a young age. Quitting is one of the most effective steps toward improving heart health in young people.

Alcohol and caffeine consumption

Heavy drinking and regular use of energy drinks can rapidly elevate blood pressure. Numerous teenagers and university students often underestimate their caffeine or alcohol intake. Reducing these beverages can help maintain stable blood pressure levels.

Being overweight or obese

Excess body weight requires the heart to exert more effort to circulate blood. The rising obesity rates among young Australians significantly contribute to the causes of early hypertension. Staying physically active and following a balanced diet can result in significant improvements.

Medical and hereditary factors

At times, high blood pressure is hereditary or may stem from conditions like kidney disease or hormonal imbalances. If you have a family history of hypertension, consistent check-ups are crucial for early detection.

Warning signs

Most young individuals with high blood pressure feel normal; however, potential warning signs include:

• Frequent headaches

• Dizziness or blurred vision

• Nosebleeds

• Shortness of breath

Even in the absence of symptoms, routine blood pressure measurements are essential. You can get tested at your general practitioner’s office, pharmacy, or university health centre.

Prevention & management tips

Consume fresh, whole foods while reducing salt intake.

• Engage in physical activity for at least 30 minutes each day.

• Limit consumption of alcohol and energy drinks.

• Handle stress through adequate sleep, relaxation techniques, or mindfulness practices.

• Refrain from smoking or vaping.

• Regularly monitor your blood pressure.

How Hola Health can help

With Hola Health, you can easily connect with an Australian GP online for consultations about your blood pressure or lifestyle concerns. Access early screenings, tailored plans, and online prescriptions for related conditions, all from the comfort of your home. Whether you are a student, young professional, or adolescent, Hola Health supports you in being proactive about your heart health in Australia.

Conclusion

High blood pressure among young individuals is often asymptomatic but can be prevented. Adopting a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, managing stress, and avoiding smoking or excessive alcohol consumption can safeguard heart health and mitigate future hypertension risks.

FAQs

Is it possible for teenagers to have high blood pressure?

Absolutely. High blood pressure can occur in adolescents due to poor dietary choices, stress, or hereditary factors.

What constitutes normal blood pressure for individuals aged 15–25?

Approximately 120/80 mmHg is considered normal. Readings above 130/85 may require further investigation.

Can energy drinks elevate blood pressure?

Yes. The high levels of caffeine and sugar in energy drinks can lead to spikes in blood pressure.

Is there a connection between vaping and high blood pressure?

The nicotine found in vapes can constrict arteries and elevate blood pressure over time.

What are some natural ways to reduce blood pressure at a young age?

Maintain an active lifestyle, consume a balanced diet, limit salt intake, and refrain from smoking or excessive caffeine consumption.

When should you consult a doctor?

If you experience frequent headaches, dizziness or have a family history of hypertension, it's advisable to have your blood pressure assessed.