What Is A ‘Stomach Bug’?

Common Understanding Of 'Stomach Bug'

Definition Of A 'Stomach Bug'

Common Symptoms

• Nausea or vomiting
• Diarrhoea
• Stomach cramps or pain
• Mild fever
• Loss of appetite
• Muscle aches

When to Seek Medical Attention? Worsening Symptoms

• Persistent vomiting that makes it difficult to keep liquids down
• Signs of dehydration, such as feeling excessively thirsty, having dark yellow urine, dry skin, and dizziness or feeling faint
• Severe abdominal pain
• Seeing blood in your stools or vomit
• Having a high fever above 38.5°C
• Experiencing symptoms that persist for more than a week

Options for Treatment

• Hydration: It’s important to stay hydrated. Oral rehydration solutions, available at pharmacies, can help replenish lost fluids and electrolytes.
• Diet: Consuming bland foods like toast, rice, or bananas can be easier on the stomach. It’s advisable to avoid dairy, spicy foods, and caffeine until a recovery has been made
• Rest: Giving the body ample rest can speed up the healing process.
• Medication: Over-the-counter pain relievers and anti-diarrheaol can alleviate some symptoms, but it’s essential to use them as directed and ensure they don’t worsen any stomach upset.

Telehealth Consultations for Dealing With 'Stomach Bugs'

Other Factors to Consider

• Transmissibility: Stomach bugs, especially those caused by viruses like norovirus, are highly contagious. They can spread through contaminated food, water, surfaces, or direct contact with an infected person.
• Exclusion Criteria: If diagnosed with a contagious form of gastroenteritis, it’s recommended to stay away from work, school, or public places until at least 48 hours after the last symptoms have subsided. This precaution helps prevent spreading it to others.
• Prevention: Regular hand-washing with soap and water, especially after using the toilet and before eating, is the best defence. Avoiding close contact with infected individuals and ensuring food is cooked thoroughly can also reduce the risk.
• The Rotavirus Vaccine: Given orally to infants, it plays a pivotal role in preventing severe diarrhoea and vomiting caused by rotavirus. While common side effects are mild, including temporary diarrhoea, vomiting, fever, and irritability, rare side effects like intussusception (a form of bowel blockage) and severe allergic reactions can occur. However, the benefits of the vaccine, in terms of reducing severe rotavirus cases and hospitalisations, far outweigh these risks.

‘Stomach bugs’, or gastroenteritis, while often mild and self-limiting, can be a source of significant discomfort. Recognising the symptoms and understanding when to seek medical attention is crucial. With the right care, most individuals recover swiftly. However, due to its contagious nature, it’s essential to take precautions to prevent its spread, ensuring the well-being of both the individual and the wider community.