What are the symptoms of an alcohol allergy?

Overview

Can you be allergic to alcohol? If you’ve ever noticed facial flushing, itchy skin, or a tight feeling in your chest after drinking, it may be more than just a hangover. You could be allergic or sensitive to an ingredient in your drink.

While true alcohol allergies are rare, adverse reactions to alcohol are relatively common in Australia and worldwide. Understanding the difference between an allergy and an intolerance can help you better protect your health.

Alcohol allergy vs. alcohol intolerance

Note: Both conditions can make you feel unwell, but an alcohol allergy can be dangerous and requires prompt medical attention.

Common causes

Several ingredients in alcoholic drinks can trigger allergic reactions or sensitivities, including:

• Grains such as barley, wheat, rye, or corn (commonly found in beer)
• Yeast or hops, especially in beer
• Sulphites and preservatives
• Histamines, which are higher in red wine and some beers
• Additives or artificial flavours in mixed drinks
• Fruit-based alcohols, such as wine or cider, in sensitive individuals

Symptoms

Alcohol-related reactions can vary in severity. Symptoms may include:

Mild to moderate symptoms

• Skin redness or hives
• Itchy skin or rash
• Runny or blocked nose
• Stomach pain, nausea or vomiting
• Headache

Severe symptoms

• Swelling of the lips, tongue, or throat
• Shortness of breath or wheezing
• Sudden drop in blood pressure
• Rapid heartbeat or dizziness
• Anaphylaxis, a life-threatening reaction that requires immediate medical attention — call 000

Important: Even mild symptoms can worsen over time. Identifying triggers early and seeking medical advice can help prevent serious reactions.

Alcohol intolerance symptoms (often confused with allergy)

Alcohol intolerance is commonly mistaken for an allergy. The following symptoms often suggest intolerance rather than a true allergic reaction:

• Facial flushing
• Nausea or vomiting
• Rapid heart rate
• Low blood pressure
• Worsened asthma symptoms

Alcohol intolerance is usually genetic and more common in people of East Asian descent, but it can affect anyone.

How a doctor can help

If you notice symptoms after drinking alcohol, a doctor can assist by assessing your health history and identifying possible triggers.

• Reviewing your medical history and drink-related symptoms
• Ordering skin prick tests or blood tests to identify allergens
• Discussing specific drinks or ingredients that trigger your symptoms
• Referring you to an allergist or immunologist for further evaluation

Treatment and management

Managing an alcohol allergy or intolerance begins with identifying your triggers and taking practical steps to prevent or reduce reactions.

Avoid trigger drinks

Identifying and avoiding specific alcoholic drinks or ingredients that worsen your symptoms is essential. Always check labels closely for sulphites, histamines, and additives.

Medication (GP-recommended)

• Your GP may recommend antihistamines for mild allergic reactions.
• In more serious cases, avoid self-diagnosing and seek medical advice promptly.

Lifestyle adjustments

• Limit alcohol consumption
• Choose low-histamine drinks, such as clear spirits (e.g. vodka or gin), if advised by your GP
• Stay hydrated and keep track of which drinks trigger your symptoms

When to consult a GP

You should seek medical advice if:

• You develop a persistent skin rash or breathing difficulties after drinking
• You notice swelling of the mouth, lips, or throat
• You experience any signs of anaphylaxis (call 000 immediately)
• You have frequent reactions even after consuming small amounts of alcohol

How Hola Health can help

Hola Health makes it easy to access professional support for suspected alcohol allergy or intolerance.

• Speak with an Australian GP online to determine whether your symptoms are due to an alcohol allergy or intolerance
• Receive referrals to allergy specialists or prescriptions for antihistamines, when appropriate
• Access convenient telehealth consultations Australia-wide, with bulk billing available for eligible Medicare cardholders

Think you might have an alcohol allergy? Book an online consultation with an Australian GP at Hola Health for expert advice from the comfort of home.

Conclusion

Alcohol allergies and intolerances can be uncomfortable, confusing, and occasionally serious. Understanding your symptoms is key to protecting your health. By identifying triggers and seeking professional guidance, you can make informed choices about alcohol consumption. If you’re unsure, a GP can help clarify what’s happening and guide you toward appropriate care.

FAQs

Can I develop an alcohol allergy suddenly?

Yes. Although a true allergy to ethanol is rare, people can develop sensitivities or reactions to ingredients in alcoholic beverages at any stage of life.

How can I tell if it’s an alcohol allergy or intolerance?

An allergy typically causes an immune response, leading to symptoms such as hives, swelling, or breathing difficulties. Intolerance usually results from an enzyme deficiency and causes flushing, nausea, or headaches, and is generally milder.

Are certain drinks more likely to cause reactions?

Yes. Alcoholic drinks containing sulphites, histamines, yeast, or specific grains are more likely to trigger reactions in sensitive individuals.

Can alcohol worsen existing allergies?

Yes. If you have conditions such as asthma or hay fever, alcohol may worsen symptoms or make reactions more noticeable.

What should I do if I have a reaction after drinking alcohol?

If symptoms are mild, stop drinking and seek medical advice. If you experience difficulty breathing, swelling, or dizziness, call 000 immediately.