Chesty cough: What can help and when to worry
Written by the editorial staff writer at Hola.
Medically reviewed by Dr Nelson Lau, MBBS FRACGP, GP & Digital Health Specialist.

Contents

What is a chesty cough?
A chesty cough is a type of cough that expels mucous or phlegm from the chest or lungs. It is a natural response the body uses to remove excess phlegm from the respiratory passages in your lungs or throat. It generally occurs when the body tries to clear extra mucus caused by infection, inflammation, or irritation in the respiratory tract.Also read: Coughing Up Green Phlegm: What Does It Mean?
Symptoms and causes
The symptoms of chesty cough include:- Coughing with mucous or phlegm
- A rattling sound from your lungs
- Wheezing
- Shortness of breath
- Chest congestion
- Sore throat
- Runny nose
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Headache
- Chills
- Sneezing
Experiencing these symptoms? Speak with a doctor within 15 minutes.
How does a chesty cough sound and feel?
- A chesty cough usually has a deep, wet, and more intense sound than a dry cough. It often produces a distinctive “rattling” sound as the body attempts to clear mucous from the chest or lungs. The coughing may be regular and productive, meaning it expels phlegm, which may appear clear, yellow, or green.
- A chesty cough is commonly accompanied by a feeling of congestion or pressure in the chest, as if mucous or blockage is present in the air passages. There is a persistent urge to clear the throat or lungs to eliminate the mucus. This can occasionally result in a sore throat from the irritation caused by repeated coughing.
- Coughing can be taxing, making you feel exhausted or out of breath, especially if the mucous is thick or hard to clear.
What causes a chesty cough?
A chesty cough is characterised by the expectoration of mucous or phlegm and is generally the result of irritation or inflammation affecting the airways or lungs. The common causes include the following:- Infections: Viral infections, such as the common cold or influenza, frequently lead to the accumulation of mucous. Furthermore, bronchitis involves inflammation of the bronchial tubes and is often associated with a persistent chesty cough. Pneumonia represents a more severe pulmonary infection that generates thick mucous. Additionally, COVID-19 may present with respiratory symptoms that include a productive cough.
- Chronic respiratory conditions: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which encompasses chronic bronchitis and emphysema, is known to result in ongoing mucous production. Asthma can also contribute to cough, particularly when exacerbations occur and mucous is present. Cystic fibrosis is another condition that results in the accumulation of thick, viscous mucous in the lungs.
- Allergies and irritants: Allergic responses to substances such as dust, pollen, or pet dander can trigger mucous production. Smoking is known to irritate the airways and, subsequently, increase mucous output. Moreover, exposure to environmental pollutants, including smog or chemical vapours, can have a similar effect.
- Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD): The phenomenon of stomach acid reflux can lead to irritation of the throat and airways, subsequently resulting in a productive cough.
- Postnasal drip: An excess of mucous originating from the nasal passages may flow down the back of the throat, causing irritation and triggering a cough.
- Lung infections or diseases: Tuberculosis (TB) is often associated with a chronic cough that produces phlegm. In rare instances, persistent chesty coughing may signify lung cancer.
- Medication side effects: Certain medications, specifically ACE inhibitors, which are prescribed for the management of hypertension, may induce a persistent cough, although it is usually nonproductive.
How long does a chesty cough last?
The duration of a chesty cough depends on the underlying cause:Acute causes (Short-term cough):
Viral infections, such as the common cold or influenza, typically result in a chesty cough that persists for a duration of one to three weeks, improving concurrently with the resolution of the infection. Acute bronchitis may also induce a chesty cough, which can last for up to three weeks, and in some instances, may extend beyond this period.Chronic or long-term causes:
Chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with a chesty cough that can endure for months or even years, as it represents a continuous symptom of these conditions. Coughs associated with asthma may exhibit a variable pattern, potentially persisting in the absence of adequate treatment. Conditions such as postnasal drip or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can lead to a persistent cough that may remain until the underlying condition is addressed.Prolonged or recurrent coughs:
Pneumonia or severe pulmonary infections may result in recovery periods spanning weeks to months, with a cough that may persist despite the resolution of the infection. Individuals who smoke may experience a chronic chesty cough that continues as long as smoking behaviours are maintained. Furthermore, diseases such as tuberculosis or other lung disorders frequently lead to prolonged coughs, which can persist for weeks to months, depending on the progress of treatment.Chesty cough home remedies
- Hydration: It is advisable to consume ample fluids, particularly warm options such as herbal teas, broths, or water infused with lemon and honey. This practice assists in thinning mucous, thereby facilitating its expulsion.
- Steam inhalation: Inhaling steam from a bowl of hot water, with a towel draped over the head, or taking a warm shower can aid in loosening mucus and alleviating irritation in the airways. The addition of essential oils, such as eucalyptus or peppermint, can further enhance this treatment.
- Honey: Recognised for its antibacterial and soothing qualities, honey may be incorporated into warm water or tea at a dosage of one to two teaspoons. It is important to refrain from administering honey to children under one year of age.
- Humidifier application: Utilising a humidifier to maintain moisture in the air can prevent dryness in the respiratory passages, which in turn aids in mucus clearance. Regular maintenance and cleaning of the humidifier are essential to prevent the growth of mould or bacteria.
- Ginger infusion: The anti-inflammatory properties of ginger can effectively reduce irritation in the airways. To prepare ginger tea, one should boil fresh ginger slices in water for ten minutes, enhancing the flavour and benefits with honey or lemon.
- Elevation of the head: Positioning oneself with additional pillows during sleep can mitigate the pooling of mucous in the chest, thereby reducing nighttime coughing.
- Saltwater gargle: Gargling with a solution comprising half a teaspoon of salt mixed in warm water can assist in breaking down mucous and providing relief to a sore throat. This practice may be repeated several times each day for optimal results.
- Turmeric milk: The anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of turmeric can be advantageous. Mixing half a teaspoon of turmeric powder into warm milk and consuming it before bedtime may promote additional health benefits.
- Natural expectorants: Chewing raw garlic or consuming thyme tea can serve as natural expectorants, aiding in the loosening and clearing of mucous from the airways.
- Rest and recovery: Adequate rest is crucial for the body's recovery process. Therefore, it is recommended to avoid excessive exertion and focus on obtaining sufficient sleep.
When to seek a doctor’s appointment?
Persistent cough:
It is advisable to arrange a consultation with a doctor if a persistent cough, characterised by chest discomfort, endures for more than three weeks or is associated with alarming symptoms. Such symptoms include elevated body temperature, ongoing chest pain, difficulty in breathing, wheezing, or the expectoration of blood-tinged phlegm.Other indicators:
Furthermore, other concerning indicators consist of significant weight loss, episodes of night sweats, or instances where the cough interferes with sleep and daily functions. Individuals with a medical history of chronic illnesses, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or cardiovascular disease, should seek medical advice promptly, especially if there is no improvement in their condition despite the application of home treatments.Immune system:
For paediatric patients, older adults, or individuals with compromised immune systems, it is recommended that they pursue medical evaluation at the earliest opportunity. Timely intervention may facilitate the identification of underlying health issues and contribute to the prevention of complications.A chesty cough is generally harmless and can be managed with simple home remedies like drinking water and taking sufficient rest. However, if your cough is intense, lasts for an extended time, or is accompanied by concerning symptoms like blood, high fever, or shortness of breath, it’s important to seek medical advice. Knowing when to address it at home and when to visit a doctor will ensure you stay on top of your health.
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This content is created for informational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the guidance of your doctor or other qualified health professional with any questions you may have regarding your health or a medical condition. For emergencies please immediately contact 000.
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Get affordable healthcare on your terms, with quick access to qualified, Australian-registered telehealth doctors & health practitioners, 24/7, 365 days a year. No more searching for ‘doctors near me‘ – Hola connects you instantly.
Address: 79 St Georges Terrace, Perth WA 6000
For urgent medical help & in case of emergency,
call 000.
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