COVID-19 oral antiviral medicines: Your questions answered

Summary: COVID-19 oral antivirals help reduce the severity of illness and hospitalisation risk, especially when taken within five days of symptom onset. These medications work by stopping the virus from replicating, and most people feel better within a few days. While mild rebound symptoms can occur, they usually resolve without complications. Side effects are generally mild, and timely access especially via telehealth ensures high-risk individuals can begin treatment quickly and conveniently.

Since the start of the pandemic, treatments for COVID-19 have evolved significantly. One of the most important developments has been the availability of oral antiviral medicines. These treatments can help reduce the severity of illness and the risk of hospitalisation for those at higher risk. Below, we answer common questions about COVID-19 oral antivirals, including how they work, when to take them, and how to access them via telehealth.

What are antiviral medicines?

Antiviral medicines are drugs designed to target specific viruses and stop them from multiplying in the body. Unlike antibiotics, which fight bacterial infections, antivirals work by interfering with the virus’s ability to replicate. This helps reduce the viral load, limiting the severity of illness and the risk of complications.

How do antiviral medicines for COVID-19 work?

COVID-19 oral antivirals, such as nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) and molnupiravir (Lagevrio), work by disrupting the virus’s ability to replicate. Paxlovid inhibits an enzyme the virus needs to reproduce, while molnupiravir introduces errors into the virus’s genetic material, preventing it from spreading. Both treatments help reduce viral load and shorten the duration of symptoms, particularly in high-risk individuals.

Also read: Covid and flu shots at the same time? All questions answered

Can COVID-19 symptoms come back after taking antiviral medicines?

Some people report a rebound of COVID-19 symptoms after completing a course of antiviral medicine, particularly with Paxlovid. This phenomenon, known as "Paxlovid rebound," typically involves mild symptoms that resolve on their own within a few days. While it may seem concerning, studies suggest that rebound cases do not lead to severe illness or hospitalisation.

Also read: What are the most common lingering COVID symptoms?

How long before antivirals start to work?

Most patients notice symptom improvement within a few days of starting treatment. Because these medicines work by stopping viral replication, they are most effective when taken early within five days of symptom onset. The sooner they are started, the greater the potential benefit.

Are there any side effects?

As with any medication, COVID-19 antivirals can cause side effects. Common side effects of Paxlovid include a metallic taste in the mouth, diarrhoea, and mild nausea. Molnupiravir may cause dizziness, diarrhoea, and headaches. In rare cases, these medicines may interact with other medications, so it is essential to consult a healthcare professional before starting treatment.

What should I do if I am at higher risk of severe illness?

People at higher risk of severe COVID-19—such as older adults, those with underlying health conditions, or the immunocompromised—should have a plan in place for accessing antivirals quickly. If you are in a high-risk group, speak to your doctor or a telehealth provider about whether antiviral medication is right for you and how to obtain it in case of infection.

When should COVID antivirals be given?

COVID-19 antivirals must be started within five days of symptom onset to be effective. If you develop symptoms such as fever, cough, or fatigue and test positive for COVID-19, consult a doctor as soon as possible. Early treatment can significantly reduce the risk of severe illness.

Do antivirals make you less contagious?

While antivirals lower the amount of virus in your body, they do not immediately make you non-contagious. You can still spread the virus, so it is important to follow isolation guidelines even if you start to feel better. Wearing a mask and maintaining good hygiene can help reduce transmission.

When are antivirals most effective?

Antivirals work best when taken early in the course of illness, ideally within the first 48-72 hours of symptom onset. This is because they work by stopping viral replication, which peaks in the first few days of infection. Delaying treatment reduces their effectiveness, making early diagnosis and access to medication crucial.

How to access COVID-19 antivirals via telehealth

Telehealth offers a convenient way to receive COVID-19 antiviral medications without needing an in-person doctor’s visit. If you test positive and meet the eligibility criteria, a telehealth doctor can assess your condition and, if appropriate, prescribe antivirals electronically—allowing you to start treatment quickly.

How Hola Health’s online doctors can help

Hola Health’s telehealth service provides fast, hassle-free access to COVID-19 antivirals and other essential healthcare support:

• Instant online doctor consultation – Speak with a doctor virtually to assess your symptoms and discuss treatment options.
• Electronic prescriptions Australia – If eligible, receive an online script that can be filled at your local pharmacy or delivered to your home.
• Support for high-risk individuals – Our doctors help at-risk patients plan for rapid access to antivirals.
• Medical certificates – Obtain a medical certificate online for work or other commitments during recovery.

If you’ve tested positive for COVID-19, book a telehealth consultation with Hola Health today. Acting quickly can help prevent severe illness.

Learn more and book a consultation here.