Indigestion symptoms, causes, and when to consult a GP

Indigestion, or dyspepsia, is one of those things most of us have dealt with at some point. Whether it’s the discomfort after a heavy meal or an unwelcome bloating sensation that lingers, indigestion can be annoying and, at times, concerning. While it’s often harmless and fleeting, there are moments when it’s worth taking seriously. This guide will help you understand the symptoms, causes, and remedies for indigestion and when to consider consulting a doctor—either in person or online.

What is indigestion?

Indigestion is the medical term for upper abdominal discomfort or pain, often triggered by eating. It’s not a disease in itself but a collection of symptoms that can vary in intensity. Think of it as your stomach’s way of letting you know it’s unhappy. Common causes include eating too much, eating too fast, or consuming foods that don’t sit well. While it’s often short-lived, persistent indigestion can sometimes signal an underlying condition, such as acid reflux, gastritis, or even gallstones.

Also read: What foods neutralise stomach acid? Doctor-approved tips

Indigestion symptoms: what does it feel like?

Indigestion can feel different for everyone, but the most common symptoms include:

• Pain or discomfort: Usually a dull ache or burning sensation in the upper abdomen.
• Bloating: That overly full, tight feeling that makes you want to unbutton your jeans.
• Nausea: Feeling queasy, sometimes accompanied by vomiting.
• Burping or passing gas: A not-so-subtle sign your stomach is struggling.
• Acidic or bitter taste: Stomach acid creeping into your throat or mouth.
• Loss of appetite: A reluctance to eat, even if you’re technically hungry.

For some, indigestion might come and go quickly, while others may deal with lingering discomfort.

What causes indigestion?

Indigestion can result from several factors, including:

• Food choices: Spicy, fatty, or greasy foods are common culprits.
• Eating habits: Overeating or eating too quickly doesn’t give your stomach time to adjust.
• Stress and anxiety: Emotional tension can disrupt your digestive process.
• Medications: Certain drugs, like ibuprofen or aspirin, can irritate the stomach lining.
• Underlying conditions: Chronic issues like GORD, peptic ulcers, or pancreatitis may contribute.

Identifying and addressing these causes can often reduce or eliminate indigestion.

Indigestion vs. heartburn: what’s the difference?

Indigestion and heartburn are closely related but not the same thing. Indigestion refers to general discomfort in the upper stomach, while heartburn specifically involves a burning sensation in the chest caused by acid reflux. It’s possible to experience both at the same time, but they have slightly different causes and treatments.

How long does indigestion last?

Indigestion can last anywhere from a few minutes to several hours. For most people, it resolves on its own, especially if it’s related to overeating or specific foods. However, if symptoms persist or frequently recur, it could indicate a more serious issue that needs attention.

What to do if indigestion doesn’t go away?

If your indigestion becomes a regular visitor, it’s time to dig deeper. Start by keeping a food diary to identify possible triggers and consider making lifestyle adjustments, like eating smaller meals or avoiding late-night snacks. If these steps don’t help, or if symptoms worsen, it’s worth consulting a GP to rule out underlying conditions like ulcers or acid reflux disease.

How to relieve indigestion at home?

For occasional bouts of indigestion, these tips might bring relief:

1. Eat slowly: Chewing thoroughly gives your stomach time to process food.
2. Avoid heavy meals: Stick to smaller portions, especially at night.
3. Steer clear of triggers: Spicy, greasy, or acidic foods are common offenders.
4. Stay upright: Avoid lying down for at least a couple of hours after eating.
5. Try a warm compress: Placing a heating pad or warm towel on your stomach can relax muscles and ease discomfort.
6. Over-the-counter options: Antacids or acid reducers can help neutralise stomach acid.

These remedies are often effective, but they’re not a substitute for medical advice if symptoms persist.

Also read: 20 Natural home remedies for heartburn to alleviate its symptoms

Does drinking water help?

Drinking water can sometimes help with indigestion by diluting stomach acid and aiding digestion. However, it’s best to avoid large quantities of water during meals, as it can increase bloating. Warm water or herbal teas, such as ginger or peppermint tea, can be particularly soothing.

Prevention: how to keep indigestion at bay

Preventing indigestion often comes down to making small but impactful lifestyle changes:

• Watch what you eat: Focus on a balanced diet with less greasy or spicy food.
• Portion control: Overloading your stomach is a common trigger.
• Manage stress: Mindfulness, yoga, or even a short walk can also help.
• Limit irritants: Cut back on caffeine, alcohol, and smoking, all of which can irritate the stomach.
• Stay active: Regular light exercise supports healthy digestion.

By being proactive, you can minimise the chances of indigestion interrupting your day.

When to consult a doctor?

Sometimes, indigestion can be a sign of a more serious issue. Seek medical advice if you experience:

• Symptoms lasting more than two weeks.
• Severe or worsening pain in your abdomen.
• Unexplained weight loss.
• Difficulty swallowing.
• Vomiting blood or passing black stools.

These could indicate more serious conditions, like ulcers or gastrointestinal bleeding, which require prompt attention.

How telehealth services can help

Telehealth has made it easier than ever to get medical advice for indigestion without leaving home. Here’s how online doctors can assist:

• Symptom assessment: Discuss your issues in detail via a telehealth appointment.
• Treatment recommendations: Get tailored advice on medications or lifestyle changes.
• Prescriptions: Receive prescriptions for antacids or other treatments quickly.
• Referrals: If necessary, an online doctor can refer you to a specialist for further evaluation.

Telehealth is a convenient and efficient way to address concerns, especially for non-urgent cases. Here's how telehealth can help with indigestion:

• Instant consult: Speak to a licensed Australian GP via a telehealth appointment within minutes to discuss your symptoms and receive expert medical advice.
• Online prescriptions: If needed, get an instant script for medications to relieve indigestion, sent directly to your device.
• Online medical certificates: Obtain a medical certificate online for work or school if your indigestion symptoms require rest or time off.
• Online referrals: If your condition requires further investigation, the GP can provide online referrals to specialists, blood tests or diagnostic tests.
• Online pharmacy delivery: Have your prescribed medications delivered to your doorstep for hassle-free treatment.

Final thoughts

Indigestion is a common annoyance, but it’s usually manageable with a little care and attention. Small changes to your diet and habits can go a long way in preventing it, and simple remedies can often provide relief when it strikes. However, persistent or severe symptoms deserve medical attention to rule out underlying issues. Whether you choose to visit a GP in person or consult one online, taking control of your digestive health is always a smart move.