Sinus infection (sinusitis): Symptoms & remedies

This blog is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice or diagnosis. If you have health concerns, consult an AHPRA-registered telehealth doctor or request a medical certificate online if clinically appropriate. Please note: Hola Health does not currently offer Mental Health Care Plans.

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Overview

A sinus infection, also called sinusitis, happens when the lining of the sinuses becomes swollen or infected. It’s quite common in Australia, and often develops after illnesses such as a cold or flu, hay fever, or allergies. Sinusitis can be acute or chronic, based on the duration of the symptoms. Note: The content of this blog is for informational purposes only and does not replace professional medical diagnosis, advice, or treatment.

Types of sinusitis

Sinusitis is classified based on the duration of the symptoms and the cause of the inflammation.

Type	Duration	Common causes
Acute sinusitis	Less than 4 weeks	Cold, flu, viral infection
Subacute sinusitis	4-12 weeks	Ongoing inflammation
Chronic sinusitis	More than 12 weeks	Nasal polyps, allergies, and structural issues
Recurrent sinusitis	Several episodes per year	Allergies, repeated infections

Causes sinus infections

Sinus infections frequently occur when mucus becomes trapped in the sinuses and fails to drain properly. Here are some of the most common causes:

• Viral infections (the most common cause)
• Bacterial infections (less common)
• Allergies, including hay fever (common in Australia)
• Nasal polyps
• Deviated septum
• Smoking or exposure to pollutants
• Dental infections (rare but possible)

Symptoms

The symptoms of sinusitis can differ depending on the severity and duration of the condition, but common symptoms include:

• Facial pain or pressure
• Nasal congestion
• Thick yellow or green nasal mucus
• Headache
• Blocked ears or ear pressure
• Reduced sense of smell
• Postnasal drip
• Cough (worse at night)
• Fever (sometimes)

If symptoms last longer than 7–10 days or worsen, it may suggest a bacterial sinus infection rather than a viral one.

Viral vs bacterial sinus infection

Most sinus infections are viral. However, some are bacterial and may need medical treatment.

Viral sinusitis	Bacterial sinusitis
Improves within 7–10 days	Symptoms last longer than 10 days
Clear or mild mucus	Thick yellow or green mucus with facial pain
Mild or no fever	Higher fever
Resolves on its own	May need antibiotics

When to see a doctor

It’s important to seek medical advice if sinus symptoms don’t improve as expected.

• Symptoms lasting longer than 10 days
• Severe facial pain
• High fever
• Vision changes or swelling around the eyes
• Blood-tinged mucus
• Recurrent sinus infections
• Symptoms not improving with home remedies

Note: If you or your child experience swelling around the eyes, vision changes, or a severe headache, call 000 immediately or present to your nearest Emergency Department.

How is sinusitis diagnosed

Most sinus infections are diagnosed by assessing symptoms and a physical exam. GPs may:

• Examine the nose and the throat
• Review symptom duration and severity

In persistent or complicated cases, tests may include:

• Nasal swab
• CT scan (usually for chronic sinusitis)
• Allergy testing

Home remedies for sinusitis

Many people find relief with simple home care measures:

• Steam inhalation
• Saline nasal rinses
• Hydration
• Warm compress on the face
• Over-the-counter saline sprays
• Using a humidifier
• Getting enough rest
• Avoiding smoke or irritants

This information is for educational purposes only. You should consult a GP before attempting home remedies to ensure they are safe for your specific condition.

Medical management

Some cases of sinusitis require medical treatment, especially when symptoms persist. Possible treatments include:

• Nasal corticosteroid sprays
• Decongestants (short-term use only)
• Antihistamines (if allergies are involved)
• Antibiotics (only for confirmed bacterial sinusitis)
• Steroid drops (for chronic sinusitis)

Antibiotics are not required in most cases, as viral sinus infections usually clear on their own.

Prevention tips

Simple steps can help reduce your risk of infections.

• Wash hands regularly
• Avoid smoking
• Manage allergies (especially hay fever in Australia)
• Use saline sprays during the cold or flu season
• Stay hydrated
• Treat colds early
• Use a humidifier in dry seasons

Sinusitis complications

While complications are rare, they may occur if sinusitis is severe or untreated. Rare complications include:

• Ear infections
• Chronic sinusitis
• Eye infections
• Meningitis (very rare)

Early management can significantly reduce these risks.

Sinusitis in kids

Sinus infections may differ between children and adults. Children may show:

• Irritability
• Persistent cough
• Poor sleep or fatigue

Seek medical care if a child has:

• Fever
• Red or swollen eyes
• Difficulty breathing
• Symptoms that don’t improve

How Hola Health can help

Hola Health makes it easier to manage sinus symptoms without leaving home.

• Online GP consultations Australia-wide
• Assessment of viral, bacterial, or allergy-related sinuses
• Prescriptions for sprays, antihistamines, or antibiotics (if suitable)
• Sick leave certificate for work or school
• Referrals for chronic or recurrent sinusitis
• Advice on home care and prevention

Note: While telehealth is a convenient complementary option for initial advice, a physical examination or diagnostic nasal swab by an in-person GP may be required for a definitive diagnosis, especially for chronic or severe cases.

Conclusion

Sinus infections are common and often improve with simple home care. However, persistent or worsening symptoms shouldn’t be ignored. Identifying whether the sinus infection is viral or bacterial can help avoid unnecessary antibiotics and support quicker recovery. If symptoms persist, a GP, including through telehealth, can help.

FAQs

Is sinusitis contagious?

No, sinusitis itself is not contagious, but the viral infections that cause it can spread.

How long does a sinus infection last?

Most infections clear within 7–10 days, though chronic cases may last longer.

Can sinusitis cause tooth pain?

Yes, pressure from inflamed sinuses can cause tooth pain.

Do antibiotics always help sinus infections?

No, antibiotics only help in cases of bacterial sinusitis.

Can allergies trigger sinusitis?

Yes, persistent allergies can lead to sinus inflammation.

Can I fly with a sinus infection?

It’s better to avoid flying if symptoms are severe due to pressure changes.

Is sinusitis worse at night?

Yes, lying down can increase sinus pressure and congestion.