How to manage sunburn: GP-approved tips

Overview

Sunburn occurs when the skin suffers damage from ultraviolet (UV) rays, leading to redness, pain, and swelling. In Australia, sunburn is very prevalent due to intense sun exposure throughout the year. Timely treatment helps alleviate discomfort, prevent infections, and safeguard long-term skin health. Note: The content of this blog is for informational purposes only and does not replace professional medical diagnosis, advice, or treatment.

How sunburn happens

Sunburn happens when UV radiation damages the skin and harms skin cells. This leads to inflammation, resulting in observable symptoms such as redness and swelling. The intensity varies based on:

• Skin type
• Length of sun exposure
• Use of sunscreen or protective attire

Symptoms of sunburn

• Redness and warmth
• Pain or sensitivity
• Swelling
• Blisters (in more serious cases)
• Peeling or flaking skin
• Headaches, nausea, or fatigue with significant sun exposure and dehydration

Immediate first aid for sunburn

• Exit the sun immediately.
• Cool the affected skin using cold compresses or a cool shower
• Refrain from applying ice directly onto the skin
• Ensure adequate hydration by drinking plenty of water
• Avoid further sun exposure until the skin heals

GP-approved tips to manage sunburn at home

Frequent moisturisation

• Apply aloe vera gel or a gentle, scent-free moisturiser.
• This helps calm the skin and alleviate dryness.

Anti-inflammatory medications

• Over-the-counter pain relief can offer temporary relief from pain and swelling. Speak to a pharmacist or GP regarding the most suitable option for you.

Avoid irritants

• Avoid harsh soaps, fragrances, exfoliants, and retinol products.
• Avoid tight clothing that may rub against the affected area.

Maintain hydration

• Regularly drink water.
• Electrolyte drinks may be beneficial if sunburn is severe or accompanied by fatigue.

Opt for loose, soft clothing

• Cotton and breathable materials minimise friction on sensitive skin.

Do not burst blisters:

• This prevents infections and allows the skin to heal naturally.

Note: This information is for educational purposes only. You should consult a GP before attempting home remedies to ensure they are safe for your specific condition.

When to seek medical help

Seek medical attention if you or your child experiences:

• Extensive severe blisters
• Fever, chills, nausea, or dizziness
• Symptoms of infection, such as pus, heightened pain, or spreading redness
• Intense pain that does not improve with over-the-counter medications
• Sunburn in children, older adults, or individuals with compromised immune systems

Note: If you or a child experience difficulty breathing, confusion, or fainting following sun exposure, call 000 immediately or attend the nearest Emergency Department.

Prevention tips for the future

• Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher.
• Reapply sunscreen every two hours or after swimming or sweating.
• Wear hats, sunglasses, and protective clothing.
• Avoid peak sun hours (10 a.m. to 4 p.m.).
• Seek shade whenever possible.

How Hola Health can help

• Online GP consultations for assessment of sunburn.
• Electronic prescriptions for medicated creams, if necessary.
• Advice on pain management and hydration.
• Dermatology referrals for severe or repetitive sunburn.
• Medical certificates are required if sunburn impacts work or school.

Note: While online consultations are convenient for assessment, a physical examination or face-to-face follow-up may be required if symptoms are severe or require hands-on treatment.

Conclusion

Sunburn is a widespread problem in Australia; however, with the right care, most cases can be safely managed at home. Cooling the skin, staying hydrated, and avoiding irritants can greatly enhance comfort and recovery. If symptoms are severe, spreading, or not improving, it’s crucial to seek medical advice. Protecting your skin with sunscreen, clothing, and wise sun practices  can help prevent future sunburn and long-term skin damage. If you require guidance or treatment, Hola Health’s online GPs are ready to provide personalised care and prescriptions as needed.

FAQs

How long does it take for a sunburn to heal?

Most mild sunburns heal within 3 to 5 days; severe burns may take a few weeks.

Can I use home remedies like aloe vera or coconut oil?

Aloe vera is appropriate; coconut oil should only be applied once the skin has cooled and initial inflammation has subsided.

When is sunburn deemed severe?

Severe blistering, fever, nausea, or dehydration indicate serious sunburn.

Can sunburn lead to long-term skin damage?

Yes, repeated sunburn elevates the risk of premature ageing and skin cancer.

Can I obtain a prescription cream online for severe sunburn?

Yes. Online GPs can evaluate your symptoms and provide prescriptions if necessary.