Stomach cramps and diarrhoea: What to do?

We’ve all been there—sudden stomach cramps hit, and you’re racing to the restroom. Stomach cramps accompanied by diarrhoea can be an uncomfortable, disruptive experience. But how do you decide whether it’s just something you ate or a sign of something more serious? Let’s go through it step by step to understand the causes, treatments, and when to seek help.

What to do for stomach cramps with diarrhoea?

When stomach cramps and diarrhoea strike, the first step is to manage symptoms and stay hydrated. Here’s what you can do:

• Hydrate, hydrate, hydrate: diarrhoea causes the body to lose fluids and electrolytes, so replenish with water, oral rehydration solutions, or broths.
• Stick to the BRAT diet: Bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast are easy on the stomach and can help firm up stool.
• Avoid irritants: Skip caffeine, dairy, and greasy or spicy foods until symptoms resolve.
• Over-the-counter remedies: Medications like loperamide (Imodium) can provide temporary relief but should not be used if you suspect an infection (e.g., fever or blood in the stool).

Also read: Why does my tummy ache? 8 possible causes and treatment

 

What is the reason for stomach pain and diarrhoea?

Stomach pain and diarrhoea are not standalone conditions but symptoms of an underlying issue. Common culprits include:

1. Food poisoning: Consuming contaminated food or water can lead to a short-term bout of diarrhoea and cramps.
2. Viral gastroenteritis: Often called the "stomach flu," this infection is a leading cause of acute diarrhoea.
3. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): A chronic condition characterised by abdominal pain, diarrhoea, or constipation.
4. Food intolerances: Lactose or gluten intolerance can trigger symptoms after consuming offending foods.
5. Bacterial infections: Salmonella, E. coli, or Campylobacter infections often cause more severe symptoms, including fever and dehydration.

Causes of abdominal pain and diarrhoea in children

In children, diarrhoea and abdominal pain can be particularly concerning. Common causes include:

• Rotavirus or norovirus: These viral infections spread easily among children, especially in daycare or school settings.
• Food allergies: Young children may develop symptoms after consuming foods like milk, eggs, or peanuts.
• Stress or anxiety: Surprisingly, emotional stress can lead to tummy troubles in kids.
• Teething or antibiotics: In babies, teething or side effects from medications can result in diarrhoea.

What to do?

Ensure hydration with oral rehydration solutions (ORS) and monitor for dehydration signs like dry lips or decreased urination. If diarrhoea lasts more than 24 hours or is accompanied by a high fever, consult a paediatrician.

Causes of abdominal pain and diarrhoea in pregnant women

During pregnancy, abdominal discomfort and diarrhoea are common, but they need special attention. Causes include:

1. Hormonal changes: Pregnancy hormones can relax intestinal muscles, speeding up digestion.
2. Dietary adjustments: Cravings or food aversions might lead to gastrointestinal distress.
3. Infections: Pregnant women are more vulnerable to foodborne illnesses like listeria or salmonella, which can be severe.
4. Preterm labour: In later stages of pregnancy, cramping with diarrhoea can be an early sign of labour.

Pregnant women should stay hydrated and consult a healthcare provider if symptoms persist for more than 24 hours or if severe cramping occurs. Also read: Types of stomach pain in women & possible causes

How long is too long for stomach cramps and diarrhoea?

Most cases of diarrhoea resolve within a few days, but certain red flags signal a need for medical attention:

• Symptoms last more than two days: Persistent symptoms could indicate a bacterial infection, chronic condition, or something more serious.
• Severe dehydration: Dizziness, dark urine, or inability to keep fluids down are warning signs.
• Blood or mucus in stool: This may indicate an infection, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), or another medical issue.
• Fever above (38.5°C): A high fever suggests a more systemic infection.

Diagnosis and tests

To diagnose the cause of stomach cramps and diarrhoea, a doctor may perform:

1. Physical examination: Palpating the abdomen can help identify areas of tenderness.
2. Stool tests: These can detect infections or parasites.
3. Blood tests: To rule out inflammatory conditions or dehydration.
4. Imaging: In some cases, an ultrasound or CT scan may be necessary to investigate chronic or severe symptoms.

Home treatments and prevention

For mild cases, these steps can help ease symptoms and prevent recurrence:

• Hydration is key: Drink water, herbal teas, or sports drinks to replenish electrolytes.
• Probiotics: Yogurt with live cultures or supplements may restore gut balance.
• Proper hygiene: Wash hands frequently and avoid sharing utensils to prevent infections.
• Safe food practices: Cook meats thoroughly and wash produce to avoid foodborne illnesses.
• Stress management: Practice mindfulness or relaxation techniques to prevent stress-induced symptoms.

When should I worry about diarrhoea and cramps?

You should seek medical help if:

• Symptoms persist for more than two days without improvement.
• You experience severe pain, bloody stools, or fever.
• There are signs of dehydration, such as dry mouth, decreased urination, or extreme fatigue.
• In children or pregnant women, symptoms escalate quickly or don't improve after basic treatment.

How can an online doctor help via telehealth?

Telehealth makes it easier than ever to consult a doctor from the comfort of your home. Here’s how it works:

1. Symptom assessment: You describe your symptoms, and the doctor evaluates potential causes.
2. Prescriptions: If necessary, they can prescribe medications or recommend over-the-counter remedies.
3. Tests and follow-up: They may order diagnostic tests or refer you to an in-person specialist if needed.
4. Peace of mind: Telehealth provides quick access to care, especially in non-emergency situations.

An online doctor can offer a range of healthcare services tailored to your needs, making medical care more accessible and convenient. Here's how they can assist:

• Telehealth consultations: Speak with a qualified doctor from the comfort of your home through a secure telehealth appointment.
• Online prescriptions: Receive instant scripts for your medications, including options for online pharmacy delivery at your convenience.
• Medical certificates: Easily obtain a valid medical certificate online for work or school if your symptoms require you to stay home.
• Doctor referrals: Access online specialist referrals or blood test referrals for further investigation, saving you time and effort.

Conclusion

Stomach cramps and diarrhoea can be uncomfortable but are usually manageable with proper care. Understanding the potential causes and knowing when to seek medical attention can make all the difference. For ongoing concerns or chronic conditions, telehealth offers a convenient and effective way to access expert advice.