Does reflux cause diarrhoea?

Summary: Acid reflux (GORD) and diarrhoea are not directly linked but can occur together due to shared triggers like medications, IBS, food sensitivities, or infections. Acid reflux treatments, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), may cause diarrhoea as a side effect. Managing both conditions involves lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, and medication review. If symptoms persist, consulting a GP is recommended.

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a common disorder in which stomach acid or contents flow back into the oesophagus, leading to symptoms like heartburn, chest discomfort, and regurgitation. Although GORD itself does not directly cause diarrhoea, several factors – including medications, overlapping conditions, and dietary triggers – may contribute to both symptoms.  Let’s explore the connection between reflux and diarrhoea, examine potential links, and understand possible underlying causes that associate the two conditions.  

Can acid reflux and diarrhoea be related?

Acid reflux and diarrhoea are not directly linked but may occur together due to shared triggers or underlying conditions.  Medications for acid reflux, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and antacids, may lead to diarrhoea as a side effect. Additionally, conditions like irritable bowel syndrome IBS), which commonly coexists with acid reflux, can cause both reflux symptoms and diarrhoea. Common food triggers, like spicy or fatty foods, can also upset both the stomach and intestines. In some cases, gastrointestinal infections (eg. Gastroenteritis, H.pylori) or gut inflammation (eg. Inflammatory bowel disease)  may contribute to both conditions. While not directly caused by one another, acid reflux and diarrhoea can be related to these factors.  

Can acid reflux contribute to digestive discomfort?

When acid reflux affects the bowel, it can lead to symptoms that are similar to typical acid reflux along with additional digestive unease. Symptoms may include: 

• Abdominal pain 
• Nausea 
• Diarrhoea or constipation 
• Heartburn 
• Bloating 
• Gas or belching 
• Intolerance of specific foods  

Also read: Stomach cramps and diarrhoea: What to do?

Can one cause the other?

Although reflux does not directly cause diarrhoea, certain circumstances and triggers can lead to both conditions occurring together. Medications for acid reflux, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or antacids, can occasionally cause diarrhoea as a side effect. Furthermore, underlying conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), food sensitivities, infections, or imbalances in gut health may contribute to the occurrence of both acid reflux and diarrhoea.    If you often face both symptoms, it’s advisable to speak with a healthcare professional to identify the root cause and determine the most effective treatment options. 

Treatment options

Addressing reflux and diarrhoea depends on what is causing them. Here are some potential treatment strategies: 

• Lifestyle modifications: Consuming smaller portions, avoiding fatty foods, and refraining from lying down after meals can help mitigate reflux. To manage diarrhoea, it’s important to stay well-hydrated and avoid trigger foods such as dairy or caffeine. 
• Medications: Antacids, H2 receptor antagonists, or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can help alleviate acid reflux. If these drugs lead to diarrhoea, it might be necessary to change to a different treatment. Over-the-counter anti-diarrhoeal options like loperamide can assist in controlling diarrhoea when needed. 
• Dietary changes: Following a bland diet (such as the BRAT diet – bananas, rice, applesauce, toast) can help calm the stomach for the short term management of diarrhoea and is not nutritionally complete for long-term use. Additionally, research suggest probiotics may aid in restoring a healthy gut balance although their effectiveness varies based on the strain and underlying condition. Consult a healthcare provider before starting probiotic supplements. 
• Medical intervention: If symptoms continue, a doctor might suggest further examinations, prescribe different medications, or address any underlying issues such as IBS, infections, or food intolerances. 

Also read: Vomiting and diarrhoea at the same time – what to do? 

When to contact a GP?

You should reach out to a general practitioner if reflux or diarrhoea continues, is severe, or gets worse despite home remedies. Seek medical attention if you have frequent heartburn, trouble swallowing, unexplained weight loss, or notice blood in your vomit or stool. If diarrhoea persists for more than a week or is severe, causes signs of dehydration (such as a dry mouth, dizziness, or reduced urination), or is accompanied by fever or intense abdominal pain, consult a doctor. Additionally, if reflux medications lead to ongoing diarrhoea, a general practitioner can suggest alternatives. Individuals with pre-existing conditions like IBS, GERD, or food sensitivities should seek medical advice if symptoms become unmanageable or significantly disrupt their daily activities. 

Getting help via telehealth online doctor

Telehealth services allow individuals to consult healthcare experts about reflux and diarrhoea from the comfort of their homes. Hola Health’s telehealth platform offers a convenient and supportive way to address digestive health issues. Our services are accessible around the clock and include: 

• Telehealth consultations: Patients can connect with knowledgeable doctors online to discuss symptoms such as acid reflux, stomach pain, or diarrhoea. The doctor will evaluate the condition and suggest treatments or lifestyle modifications. 
• Instant script: If medication is required, healthcare professionals can provide prescriptions online. These medications can be collected at a local pharmacy or delivered the same day. 
• Referrals to specialists: If additional assessment is needed, online doctors can refer patients for diagnostic tests or to see a gastroenterologist. 
• Medical certificate: If symptoms necessitate time off, our telehealth service provides same-day and multi-day medical certificates for absences from work or school. 

In conclusion, while reflux doesn’t directly cause diarrhoea, several factors may connect the two conditions. Medications used for reflux, such as antacids and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may cause diarrhoea as a side effect. Additionally, problems such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), food sensitivities, and underlying digestive issues may contribute to both reflux and diarrhoea. If both symptoms appear together, it’s important to seek medical advice for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.