Overview

Acne is a common skin condition that affects many people. It develops when hair follicles (pores) become clogged with oil and dead skin cells, leading to spots, pimples, and sometimes deeper, painful lumps. While acne is often associated with teenagers, many adults continue to experience breakouts into their 20s, 30s, and beyond. Acne is not just a physical skin concern—it can also affect confidence and emotional wellbeing. The good news is that with the right approach, effective management and management strategies are available. Note: The content of this blog is for informational purposes only and does not replace professional medical diagnosis, advice, or treatment.

What is a pimple?

A pimple is a small, swollen bump that appears on the skin due to the blockage of the hair follicles with exfoliated skin cells, oil, and bacteria. Pimples can vary in size and severity, ranging from tiny whiteheads and blackheads to larger, sore cysts. Most often the outbreaks occur on the face, but they can also appear on the back, shoulders, and chest.

Types of acne

Acne can present in different forms depending on severity and skin type:

Types of acne	What it looks like	Common location
Whiteheads	Closed clogged pores	Face, forehead, chin
Blackheads	Open clogged pores	Nose, T-zone
Papules	Small red bumps	Face/body
Pustules	Red bumps with pus	Face/shoulders
Nodules	Deep, painful lumps	Jawline/back
Cystic acne	Large, pus-filled lumps (severe type)	Face/back/chest

What causes pimples?

Acne typically develops due to a combination of factors:

• Excess oil production: Hyperactive sebaceous glands secrete excess oil (sebum), which may combine with dead skin cells and block hair follicles.
• Clogged pores: When hair follicles are blocked with excess oil and shed skin cells, they foster an environment where bacteria can thrive.
• Hormonal changes: Hormonal changes in the body during puberty, menstruation, or pregnancy can boost oil production and aggravate acne.
• Inflammation: When the immune system reacts to bacterial growth and blocked pores, it can cause redness, swelling, irritation, and pain, resulting in pimples.
• Diet: Certain dietary components, like high glycaemic index foods and dairy products may increase acne in some individuals.
• Genetics: A hereditary tendency for acne can increase the risk of getting pimples, as genetic factors also play a role in how skin reacts to acne-inducing elements.
• Stress, which can worsen breakouts.
• Lifestyle factors such as diet, sleep, and skincare habits.
• Environmental triggers like heat, sweating, and heavy sunscreens.

Acne triggers

Several common triggers may worsen acne:

• Hot and humid weather
• Heavy or greasy sunscreens
• Frequent sweating during outdoor activities
• Wearing hats or helmets (e.g. sports or tradie jobs)
• Pore-clogging skincare or makeup products
• Stress and poor sleep

Symptoms of acne

Common symptoms of acne include:

• Whiteheads and blackheads
• Red, inflamed bumps
• Painful lumps beneath the skin
• Pus-filled pimples
• Scarring or dark spots
• Skin tenderness and inflammation

Severe acne may require early GP management to reduce the risk of long-term scarring.

Home remedies for pimples

Here are some effective home remedies for management pimples:

1. Tea tree oil: Tea tree oil has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory characteristics that may help with acne. Dilute the oil in water at a 1:9 ratio and apply it directly to the pimple with a cotton swab.
2. Aloe vera: Aloe vera is a natural medicine that soothes and decreases inflammation. To utilise aloe vera, apply fresh gel from the plant straight to the damaged regions to promote healing.
3. Honey: Honey is naturally antimicrobial and can help manage pimples. Simply dab a tiny bit of honey into the pimple and let it sit for around 30 minutes before washing it off.
4. Lemon juice: Lemon juice is high in vitamin C and can help dry off excess oil from the skin. To use lemon juice, blend it with equal parts water and gently apply it to the pimple, avoiding sun exposure thereafter as lemon juice can make the skin more prone to sunburn. Also be cautious of any potential skin irritation.
5. Baking soda: Baking soda is a mild exfoliator that helps to regulate the skin's pH. To use, make a paste by combining baking soda and water, then apply to the pimple for 10-15 minutes before washing. As baking soda can disrupt the skin's natural pH, it may result in skin irritation.
6. Apple cider vinegar: Apple cider vinegar has antimicrobial qualities and helps to restore the skin's natural pH balance. To use, combine equal amounts apple cider vinegar and water, then apply to the pimple using a cotton ball. As apple cider vinegar can disrupt the skin's natural pH, beware of potential skin irritation.
7. Ice: Ice can effectively reduce the swelling and redness associated with pimples. To use ice, wrap it in a towel and place it on the pimple for a few minutes for quick relief.
8. Turmeric paste: Turmeric includes curcumin, an element with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. To use turmeric, make a paste out of turmeric powder and water or honey, then use it as a mask for 20-30 minutes.
9. Papaya: Papaya includes enzymes that assist in exfoliating the skin and relieve irritation. Mash ripe papaya and apply on the skin for 20 minutes before washing.
10. Garlic: Garlic contains antiviral and antibacterial characteristics that may help manage acne although strong scientific evidence for this is lacking. To use garlic, crush one clove and apply it straight to the pimple while taking precautions.

Home remedies that do not work

• Applying lemon juice to the skin
• Using toothpaste as a spot management
• Harsh physical exfoliants
• Combining several active ingredients simultaneously
• Coconut oil or heavy, greasy creams on the face

Management options

Acne can be managed effectively with a combination of management, ranging from over-the-counter products to prescription medications and clinical procedures.

1. Over-the-counter options (available at pharmacies without a prescription)

These management are suitable for mild acne and early-stage breakouts:

• Medicated antiseptic washes to reduce bacteria and inflammation
• Exfoliating chemical cleansers to help unclog pores
• Non-comedogenic skincare to prevent pore blockage
• Gentle cleansers (avoid harsh scrubs)

2. Prescription medications (via GP)

For moderate to severe acne, a GP may recommend prescription management:

• Topical retinoids to prevent clogged pores
• Antibiotic creams to reduce bacteria and inflammation
• Oral antibiotics for moderate to severe acne
• Hormonal therapy for women (e.g., hormonal management options)
• Specialist oral medications for severe or cystic acne

Note: Hola Health does not provide prescriptions for oral antibiotics for acne management. These require an in-person assessment by a medical practitioner.

3. Dermatology clinic management

Advanced management may be recommended for persistent or severe acne:

• Chemical peels
• LED light therapy
• Laser management
• Professional extraction of blackheads

Note: Procedures such as chemical peels, laser therapy, and LED light therapy are not provided by Hola Health and are mentioned for informational purposes only.

4. Skincare routine advice

Maintaining a consistent and gentle skincare routine is essential:

• Use fragrance-free, gentle products
• Avoid harsh scrubs and alcohol-based toners
• Choose oil-free or non-comedogenic products
• Cleanse the skin twice daily with a mild cleanser

5. Lifestyle changes

Lifestyle habits can significantly influence acne severity:

• Manage stress levels
• Maintain a balanced diet and stay hydrated
• Get adequate sleep
• Avoid heavy or pore-clogging makeup

Note: This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult a GP before starting treatments or home remedies to ensure they are safe and appropriate for your condition.

What to avoid?

By avoiding the factors mentioned below, you can help promote clearer skin and reduce the occurrence of pimples:

1. Avoid touching face: Avoid touching your face often, since this can transfer bacteria and oils from your hands to your face, leading to breakouts.
2. Strong scrubs: Avoid using strong exfoliating scrubs as they can irritate the skin and aggravate acne.
3. Over cleansing: Do not over wash your face since this might deplete the skin's natural oils and cause more outbreaks.
4. Picking pimples: Avoid picking or squeezing pimples since they can lead to scars and infection.
5. Oily or heavy makeup: Avoid applying heavy or greasy makeup products, which can clog pores and worsen acne. Choose non-comedogenic makeup instead.
6. Stress: Avoid high-stress situations whenever possible, as stress can cause hormonal imbalances that result in outbreaks. Maintain regular exercise, meditation, and adequate sleep to manage stress levels.
7. Ignoring skin product labels: Always read product labels and avoid ones that include harsh chemicals, sulphates, or artificial perfumes. Look for products labelled as "non-comedogenic", "oil-free", and "gentle" to ensure that they are suitable for acne-prone skin.
8. Sun exposure: Avoid extensive sun exposure without protection since it can cause skin damage and aggravate existing acne. Always apply non-comedogenic sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher to protect the skin from UV damage, which can worsen acne and cause hyperpigmentation.

Acne scarring and pigmentation

If left untreated, acne can lead to long-term skin changes such as:

• Atrophic scarring (pitted or indented skin texture)
• Hyperpigmentation (dark spots after healing)
• Hypertrophic scars (raised scars)

Management options may include microneedling, laser therapy, and prescription retinoids. Early consultation with a dermatologist can help improve outcomes.

Tips for consistent skin care

1. Patch test: Before taking any new medication, it is strongly advisable to do a patch test on a small area of skin to rule out any adverse reactions.
2. Stay hydrated: Drinking enough water throughout the day helps to flush out toxins and keep your skin healthy.
3. Clean skin: To maintain clean skin, wash your face twice a day with a mild cleanser to eliminate debris and excess oil.
4. Dietary considerations: Consuming a well-balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, while avoiding sugary and fatty meals, will considerably enhance skin health.
5. Consistent practice: Establishing a consistent skincare practice that involves washing, managing, and moisturising will produce the best long-term benefits.

When to see a GP or Dermatologist?

Seek medical advice if you experience:

• Severe or painful acne
• Development of dark spots or scarring
• No improvement with over-the-counter management
• Breakouts associated with hormonal symptoms (e.g., irregular periods)
• Acne affecting confidence or daily life
• Pimples that stay for several weeks despite home remedies
• Severe acne, such as cystic lesions
• Frequent breakouts that have an impact on your self-esteem or everyday life
• Infection symptoms such as increasing redness or pus
• Unusual symptoms, such as fever, or if hormonal fluctuations cause abrupt outbreaks
• Over-the-counter management do not work or require preventative care with prescription meds

If you develop signs of a severe skin infection (such as high fever, chills, or rapidly spreading redness and warmth), call 000 or visit the nearest Emergency Department immediately. You should also consult your doctor before starting any new home remedies, especially if you have a history of sensitive skin or existing skin conditions.

How acne is diagnosed

To assess acne, a GP will typically evaluate several factors to determine severity and appropriate management. Your GP may examine:

• Your skin type and breakout pattern
• Your medical history (e.g., PCOS, hormonal changes, medications)
• Whether a dermatology referral is required

Note: While telehealth is a convenient option for initial assessment, a physical examination or in-person skin check may be necessary for a definitive diagnosis, especially to assess deeper cysts or nodules.

Can an online doctor's appointment help?

Yes, an online doctor's appointment may be beneficial for managing pimples and acne. It provides convenience by allowing you to consult a doctor without leaving your house. You can consult medical practitioner, such as dermatologists, who can make personalised therapy suggestions. Doctors might prescribe topical or oral medications based on your skin condition, other telehealth services such as sick leave certificate online or GP referrals. Furthermore, online appointments allow for convenient follow-up care to assess your progress and change management as required. Overall, virtual consultations can help you address your skin issues and obtain cleaner skin. While telehealth is a convenient option for management and referrals, it is not a replacement for a physical examination. A face-to-face consultation may be necessary for severe cystic acne or physical skin assessments.

How Hola Health can help

Hola Health supports Australians in managing acne through accessible telehealth services and personalised care:

• Diagnosis via telehealth
• Prescription creams and oral medications (where clinically appropriate)
• Support for hormonal acne management
• Referrals to dermatologists
• Tailored management plans
• Online doctor certificates for work if acne impacts work or study

Conclusion

Acne is a common and manageable skin condition. Getting rid of pimples naturally at home includes a mix of upholding effective hygiene, helpful natural remedies, and committing to a wellness-oriented lifestyle. While these methods can be beneficial, it is important to remember that results may differ from person to person. With the right combination of skincare, medical management, and lifestyle adjustments, clearer skin is achievable. If acne is persistent, painful, or impacting your confidence, early consultation with a GP can help prevent long-term complications such as scarring. By incorporating these natural practices, individuals can advance towards clearer, healthier skin.

FAQs

What causes sudden acne in adults?

Common triggers include stress, hormonal changes, and new skincare products.

Does diet affect acne?

A low glycaemic index (GI) diet may help some individuals, although evidence is still evolving.

Is sunscreen good or bad for acne?

Using a non-comedogenic, oil-free sunscreen can protect the skin without worsening acne.

Can stress cause breakouts?

Stress does not directly cause acne but can worsen existing breakouts.

How long does acne management take to work?

Most management take around 6 to 12 weeks to show noticeable improvement.

How common is acne in Australia?

Acne is very common in Australia, affecting up to 85% of people at some point, with around half of adults still experiencing it in their 30s.