Ovarian Cysts

An ovarian cyst refers to a fluid-filled sac or pouch that develops in or on an ovary. These cysts are prevalent and can manifest during reproductive years or after menopause. While most ovarian cysts are non-cancerous and resolve on their own, some may be malignant. Additionally, certain benign ovarian tumours can mimic cysts in imaging studies.

Note: This content is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Telehealth consultations are not suitable for physical pelvic examinations. Diagnosis of ovarian cysts typically requires physical assessment and ultrasound imaging. We recommend sharing your consult summaries with your regular GP to ensure continuity of care and bulk billing is available for eligible patients during Medicare-defined periods; otherwise, private fees apply.

Varieties of cysts:

1. Functional cyst: The most common type, typically asymptomatic and often resolves without intervention within 6 to 8 weeks.
2. Teratoma: A cyst or benign tumour containing diverse issues like skin and hair. Teratomas may be present from birth.
3. Cystadenoma: A benign tumour forming on the outer surface of the ovary, potentially growing significantly despite its benign nature.
4. Endometrioma: Arises due to endometriosis.

Symptoms of ovarian cysts:

In many cases, cysts are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during routine exams or other imaging procedures. However, some cysts may cause abdominal discomfort, pain during specific activities, or intermittent pain due to ovarian twisting. Cysts that bleed or rupture can also lead to sudden, severe pain.

Ovarian cysts can sometimes cause Ovarian Torsion (twisting) or Rupture. This is a medical emergency.Call 000 or go to the Emergency Department immediately if you experience:

• Sudden, severe abdominal or pelvic pain.
• Pain accompanied by fever or vomiting.
• Faintness, dizziness, or rapid breathing.

Treatment options:

Various treatment options exist, depending on the type of cyst and individual factors.

Options include:

1. Watchful waiting: Monitoring the cyst's changes through repeat ultrasound exams.
2. Surgery: Considered for large cysts causing symptoms.

Surgical procedures:

1. Cystectomy: Removal of the cyst from the ovary.
2. Oophorectomy: Removal of the entire ovary, in some cases.

Surgical approaches:

1. Minimally invasive surgery: Involves small incisions and a laparoscope, recommended for benign cysts.
2. Open surgery: A larger incision in the lower abdomen, necessary for large cysts difficult to remove via laparoscopy.

Understanding the type of cyst, its size, and the patient's health considerations helps determine the most appropriate treatment approach This content is shared with the permission of Dr. Baruah. You may find similar information in health publications.

How Hola Health may be able to help

Hola Health is an Australian telehealth platform that connects you with registered doctors and nurse practitioners - from the comfort of your home, at a time that suits you. Depending on your situation, a Hola Health clinician may be able to help with:

• 24/7 General medical advice via telehealth doctor consult - talk through symptoms or health concerns with a registered doctor or medical practitioner.
• Medical certificate online - for work or personal leave, when clinically appropriate
• Referrals to specialists - or in-person services when needed
• Online prescriptions - at a clinician's discretion and where clinically suitable.
• Pathology or imaging requests - when assessed as appropriate by your treating clinician.
• Mental health Care Plan - Mental Health Treatment Plans (referral to your regular GP may be recommended for ongoing care).

Hola Health clinicians are AHPRA-registered Doctors and medical practitioners in Australia. They will always recommend an in-person consultation, specialist referral, or emergency care if that is in your best interest.

Note: Telehealth is not suitable for all conditions. Hola Health does not replace your regular GP, specialist, or emergency services. If you are unsure whether telehealth is right for your situation, we recommend speaking with your usual healthcare provider. In emergencies, call 000.